mirror of https://github.com/searxng/searxng.git
[mod] Startpage: reversed engineered & upgrade to data_type: traits_v1
One reason for the often seen CAPTCHA of the Startpage requests are the incomplete requests SearXNG sends to startpage.com: this patch is a complete new implementation of the ``request()`` function, reversed engineered from the Startpage's search form. The new implementation: - use traits of data_type: traits_v1 and drop deprecated data_type: supported_languages - adds time-range support - adds save-search support - fix searxng/searxng/issues 1884 - fix searxng/searxng/issues 1081 --> improvements to avoid CAPTCHA In preparation for more categories (News, Images, Videos ..) from Startpage, the variable ``startpage_categ`` was set up. The default value is ``web`` and other categories from Startpage are not yet implemented. Signed-off-by: Markus Heiser <markus.heiser@darmarit.de>
This commit is contained in:
Markus Heiser
parent
858aa3e604
commit
e9afc4f8ce
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@ -10,9 +10,4 @@ Startpage engines
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:backlinks: entry
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.. automodule:: searx.engines.startpage
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Functions
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=========
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.. autofunction:: searx.engines.startpage.fetch_traits
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.. autofunction:: searx.engines.startpage.get_sc_code
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:members:
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@ -109,9 +109,9 @@ def seznam(query, _lang):
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]
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def startpage(query, lang):
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# startpage autocompleter
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lui = engines['startpage'].supported_languages.get(lang, 'english') # vintage / deprecated
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def startpage(query, sxng_locale):
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"""Autocomplete from Startpage. Supports Startpage's languages"""
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lui = engines['startpage'].traits.get_language(sxng_locale, 'english')
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url = 'https://startpage.com/suggestions?{query}'
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resp = get(url.format(query=urlencode({'q': query, 'segment': 'startpage.udog', 'lui': lui})))
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data = resp.json()
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@ -3078,7 +3078,7 @@
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"startpage": {
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"all_locale": null,
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"custom": {},
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"data_type": "supported_languages",
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"data_type": "traits_v1",
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"languages": {
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"af": "afrikaans",
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"am": "amharic",
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@ -3213,257 +3213,7 @@
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"zh-HK": "zh-TW_HK",
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"zh-TW": "zh-TW_TW"
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},
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"supported_languages": {
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"af": {
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"alias": "afrikaans"
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},
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"am": {
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"alias": "amharic"
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},
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"ar": {
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"alias": "arabic"
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},
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"az": {
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"alias": "azerbaijani"
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},
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"be": {
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"alias": "belarusian"
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},
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"bg": {
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"alias": "bulgarian"
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},
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"bn": {
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"alias": "bengali"
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},
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"bs": {
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"alias": "bosnian"
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},
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"ca": {
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"alias": "catalan"
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},
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"cs": {
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"alias": "czech"
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},
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"cy": {
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"alias": "welsh"
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},
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"da": {
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"alias": "dansk"
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},
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"de": {
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"alias": "deutsch"
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},
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"el": {
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"alias": "greek"
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},
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"en": {
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"alias": "english"
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},
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"en-GB": {
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"alias": "english_uk"
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},
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"eo": {
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"alias": "esperanto"
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},
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"es": {
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"alias": "espanol"
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},
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"et": {
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"alias": "estonian"
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},
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"eu": {
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"alias": "basque"
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},
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"fa": {
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"alias": "persian"
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},
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"fi": {
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"alias": "suomi"
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},
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"fo": {
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"alias": "faroese"
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},
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"fr": {
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"alias": "francais"
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},
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"fy": {
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"alias": "frisian"
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},
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"ga": {
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"alias": "irish"
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},
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"gd": {
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"alias": "gaelic"
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},
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"gl": {
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"alias": "galician"
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},
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"gu": {
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"alias": "gujarati"
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},
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"he": {
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"alias": "hebrew"
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},
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"hi": {
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"alias": "hindi"
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},
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"hr": {
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"alias": "croatian"
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},
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"hu": {
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"alias": "hungarian"
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},
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"ia": {
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"alias": "interlingua"
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},
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"id": {
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"alias": "indonesian"
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},
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"is": {
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"alias": "icelandic"
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},
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"it": {
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"alias": "italiano"
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},
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"ja": {
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"alias": "nihongo"
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},
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"jv": {
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"alias": "javanese"
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},
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"ka": {
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"alias": "georgian"
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},
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"kn": {
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"alias": "kannada"
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},
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"ko": {
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"alias": "hangul"
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},
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"la": {
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"alias": "latin"
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},
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"lt": {
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"alias": "lithuanian"
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},
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"lv": {
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"alias": "latvian"
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},
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"mai": {
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"alias": "bihari"
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},
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"mk": {
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"alias": "macedonian"
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},
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"ml": {
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"alias": "malayalam"
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},
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"mr": {
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"alias": "marathi"
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},
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"ms": {
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"alias": "malay"
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},
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"mt": {
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"alias": "maltese"
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},
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"ne": {
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"alias": "nepali"
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},
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"nl": {
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"alias": "nederlands"
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},
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"no": {
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"alias": "norsk"
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},
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"oc": {
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"alias": "occitan"
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},
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"pa": {
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"alias": "punjabi"
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},
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"pl": {
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"alias": "polski"
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},
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"pt": {
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"alias": "portugues"
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},
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"ro": {
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"alias": "romanian"
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},
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"ru": {
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"alias": "russian"
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},
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"si": {
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"alias": "sinhalese"
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},
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"sk": {
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"alias": "slovak"
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},
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"sl": {
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"alias": "slovenian"
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},
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"sq": {
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"alias": "albanian"
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},
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"sr": {
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"alias": "serbian"
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},
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"su": {
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"alias": "sudanese"
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},
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"sv": {
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"alias": "svenska"
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},
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"sw": {
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"alias": "swahili"
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},
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"ta": {
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"alias": "tamil"
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},
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"te": {
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"alias": "telugu"
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},
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"th": {
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"alias": "thai"
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},
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"ti": {
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"alias": "tigrinya"
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},
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"tl": {
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"alias": "tagalog"
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},
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"tr": {
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"alias": "turkce"
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},
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"uk": {
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"alias": "ukrainian"
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},
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"ur": {
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"alias": "urdu"
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},
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"uz": {
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"alias": "uzbek"
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},
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"vi": {
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"alias": "vietnamese"
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},
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"xh": {
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"alias": "xhosa"
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},
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"zh": {
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"alias": "jiantizhongwen"
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},
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"zh-HK": {
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"alias": "fantizhengwen"
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},
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"zh-TW": {
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"alias": "fantizhengwen"
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},
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"zu": {
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"alias": "zulu"
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}
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}
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"supported_languages": {}
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},
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"wikidata": {
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"all_locale": null,
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@ -50,38 +50,58 @@ W3C recommends subtag over macrolanguage [2]_.
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Startpage languages
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===================
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The displayed name in Startpage's settings page depend on the location of the IP
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when the 'Accept-Language' HTTP header is unset (in the language update script
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we use "en-US,en;q=0.5" to get uniform names independent from the IP).
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:py:obj:`send_accept_language_header`:
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The displayed name in Startpage's settings page depend on the location of the
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IP when ``Accept-Language`` HTTP header is unset. In :py:obj:`fetch_traits`
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we use::
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Each option has a displayed name and a value, either of which may represent the
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language name in the native script, the language name in English, an English
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transliteration of the native name, the English name of the writing script used
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by the language, or occasionally something else entirely.
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'Accept-Language': "en-US,en;q=0.5",
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..
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to get uniform names independent from the IP).
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.. _startpage categories:
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Startpage categories
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====================
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Startpage's category (for Web-search, News, Videos, ..) is set by
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:py:obj:`startpage_categ` in settings.yml::
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- name: startpage
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engine: startpage
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startpage_categ: web
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...
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.. hint::
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The default category is ``web`` .. and other categories than ``web`` are not
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yet implemented.
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"""
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from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
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from collections import OrderedDict
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import re
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from time import time
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from urllib.parse import urlencode
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from unicodedata import normalize, combining
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from time import time
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from datetime import datetime, timedelta
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from dateutil import parser
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from lxml import html
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from babel import Locale
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from babel.localedata import locale_identifiers
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import dateutil.parser
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import lxml.html
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import babel
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from searx import network
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from searx.utils import extract_text, eval_xpath, match_language
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from searx.exceptions import (
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SearxEngineResponseException,
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SearxEngineCaptchaException,
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)
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from searx.utils import extract_text, eval_xpath, gen_useragent
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from searx.exceptions import SearxEngineCaptchaException
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from searx.locales import region_tag
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from searx.enginelib.traits import EngineTraits
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if TYPE_CHECKING:
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import logging
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logger: logging.Logger
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traits: EngineTraits
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# about
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@ -94,18 +114,28 @@ about = {
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"results": 'HTML',
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}
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startpage_categ = 'web'
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"""Startpage's category, visit :ref:`startpage categories`.
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"""
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send_accept_language_header = True
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"""Startpage tries to guess user's language and territory from the HTTP
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``Accept-Language``. Optional the user can select a search-language (can be
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different to the UI language) and a region filter.
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"""
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# engine dependent config
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categories = ['general', 'web']
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# there is a mechanism to block "bot" search
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# (probably the parameter qid), require
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# storing of qid's between mulitble search-calls
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paging = True
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supported_languages_url = 'https://www.startpage.com/do/settings'
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time_range_support = True
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safesearch = True
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time_range_dict = {'day': 'd', 'week': 'w', 'month': 'm', 'year': 'y'}
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safesearch_dict = {0: '0', 1: '1', 2: '1'}
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# search-url
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base_url = 'https://startpage.com/'
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search_url = base_url + 'sp/search?'
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base_url = 'https://www.startpage.com'
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search_url = base_url + '/sp/search'
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# specific xpath variables
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# ads xpath //div[@id="results"]/div[@id="sponsored"]//div[@class="result"]
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@ -113,92 +143,193 @@ search_url = base_url + 'sp/search?'
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results_xpath = '//div[@class="w-gl__result__main"]'
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link_xpath = './/a[@class="w-gl__result-title result-link"]'
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content_xpath = './/p[@class="w-gl__description"]'
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search_form_xpath = '//form[@id="search"]'
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"""XPath of Startpage's origin search form
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.. code: html
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<form action="/sp/search" method="post">
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<input type="text" name="query" value="" ..>
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<input type="hidden" name="t" value="device">
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<input type="hidden" name="lui" value="english">
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<input type="hidden" name="sc" value="Q7Mt5TRqowKB00">
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<input type="hidden" name="cat" value="web">
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<input type="hidden" class="abp" id="abp-input" name="abp" value="1">
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</form>
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"""
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# timestamp of the last fetch of 'sc' code
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sc_code_ts = 0
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sc_code = ''
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sc_code_cache_sec = 30
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"""Time in seconds the sc-code is cached in memory :py:obj:`get_sc_code`."""
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def raise_captcha(resp):
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def get_sc_code(searxng_locale, params):
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"""Get an actual ``sc`` argument from Startpage's search form (HTML page).
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if str(resp.url).startswith('https://www.startpage.com/sp/captcha'):
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raise SearxEngineCaptchaException()
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Startpage puts a ``sc`` argument on every HTML :py:obj:`search form
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<search_form_xpath>`. Without this argument Startpage considers the request
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is from a bot. We do not know what is encoded in the value of the ``sc``
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argument, but it seems to be a kind of a *time-stamp*.
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def get_sc_code(headers):
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"""Get an actual ``sc`` argument from Startpage's home page.
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Startpage puts a ``sc`` argument on every link. Without this argument
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Startpage considers the request is from a bot. We do not know what is
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encoded in the value of the ``sc`` argument, but it seems to be a kind of a
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*time-stamp*. This *time-stamp* is valid for a few hours.
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This function scrap a new *time-stamp* from startpage's home page every hour
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(3000 sec).
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Startpage's search form generates a new sc-code on each request. This
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function scrap a new sc-code from Startpage's home page every
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:py:obj:`sc_code_cache_sec` seconds.
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"""
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global sc_code_ts, sc_code # pylint: disable=global-statement
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if time() > (sc_code_ts + 3000):
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logger.debug("query new sc time-stamp ...")
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if sc_code and (time() < (sc_code_ts + sc_code_cache_sec)):
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logger.debug("get_sc_code: reuse '%s'", sc_code)
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return sc_code
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resp = network.get(base_url, headers=headers)
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raise_captcha(resp)
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dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)
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headers = {**params['headers']}
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headers['Origin'] = base_url
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headers['Referer'] = base_url + '/'
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# headers['Connection'] = 'keep-alive'
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# headers['Accept-Encoding'] = 'gzip, deflate, br'
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# headers['Accept'] = 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8'
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# headers['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:105.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/105.0'
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try:
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# <input type="hidden" name="sc" value="...">
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sc_code = eval_xpath(dom, '//input[@name="sc"]/@value')[0]
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except IndexError as exc:
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# suspend startpage API --> https://github.com/searxng/searxng/pull/695
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raise SearxEngineResponseException(
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suspended_time=7 * 24 * 3600, message="PR-695: query new sc time-stamp failed!"
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) from exc
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# add Accept-Language header
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if searxng_locale == 'all':
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searxng_locale = 'en-US'
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locale = babel.Locale.parse(searxng_locale, sep='-')
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sc_code_ts = time()
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logger.debug("new value is: %s", sc_code)
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if send_accept_language_header:
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ac_lang = locale.language
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if locale.territory:
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ac_lang = "%s-%s,%s;q=0.9,*;q=0.5" % (
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locale.language,
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locale.territory,
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locale.language,
|
||||
)
|
||||
headers['Accept-Language'] = ac_lang
|
||||
|
||||
get_sc_url = base_url + '/?sc=%s' % (sc_code)
|
||||
logger.debug("query new sc time-stamp ... %s", get_sc_url)
|
||||
logger.debug("headers: %s", headers)
|
||||
resp = network.get(get_sc_url, headers=headers)
|
||||
|
||||
# ?? x = network.get('https://www.startpage.com/sp/cdn/images/filter-chevron.svg', headers=headers)
|
||||
# ?? https://www.startpage.com/sp/cdn/images/filter-chevron.svg
|
||||
# ?? ping-back URL: https://www.startpage.com/sp/pb?sc=TLsB0oITjZ8F21
|
||||
|
||||
if str(resp.url).startswith('https://www.startpage.com/sp/captcha'):
|
||||
raise SearxEngineCaptchaException(
|
||||
message="get_sc_code: got redirected to https://www.startpage.com/sp/captcha",
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
dom = lxml.html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
sc_code = eval_xpath(dom, search_form_xpath + '//input[@name="sc"]/@value')[0]
|
||||
except IndexError as exc:
|
||||
logger.debug("suspend startpage API --> https://github.com/searxng/searxng/pull/695")
|
||||
raise SearxEngineCaptchaException(
|
||||
message="get_sc_code: [PR-695] query new sc time-stamp failed! (%s)" % resp.url,
|
||||
) from exc
|
||||
|
||||
sc_code_ts = time()
|
||||
logger.debug("get_sc_code: new value is: %s", sc_code)
|
||||
return sc_code
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# do search-request
|
||||
def request(query, params):
|
||||
"""Assemble a Startpage request.
|
||||
|
||||
# pylint: disable=line-too-long
|
||||
# The format string from Startpage's FFox add-on [1]::
|
||||
#
|
||||
# https://www.startpage.com/do/dsearch?query={searchTerms}&cat=web&pl=ext-ff&language=__MSG_extensionUrlLanguage__&extVersion=1.3.0
|
||||
#
|
||||
# [1] https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/startpage-private-search/
|
||||
To avoid CAPTCHA we need to send a well formed HTTP POST request with a
|
||||
cookie. We need to form a request that is identical to the request build by
|
||||
Startpage's search form:
|
||||
|
||||
- in the cookie the **region** is selected
|
||||
- in the HTTP POST data the **language** is selected
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally the arguments form Startpage's search form needs to be set in
|
||||
HTML POST data / compare ``<input>`` elements: :py:obj:`search_form_xpath`.
|
||||
"""
|
||||
if startpage_categ == 'web':
|
||||
return _request_cat_web(query, params)
|
||||
|
||||
logger.error("Startpages's category '%' is not yet implemented.", startpage_categ)
|
||||
return params
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def _request_cat_web(query, params):
|
||||
|
||||
engine_region = traits.get_region(params['searxng_locale'], 'en-US')
|
||||
engine_language = traits.get_language(params['searxng_locale'], 'en')
|
||||
|
||||
# build arguments
|
||||
args = {
|
||||
'query': query,
|
||||
'page': params['pageno'],
|
||||
'cat': 'web',
|
||||
# 'pl': 'ext-ff',
|
||||
# 'extVersion': '1.3.0',
|
||||
# 'abp': "-1",
|
||||
'sc': get_sc_code(params['headers']),
|
||||
't': 'device',
|
||||
'sc': get_sc_code(params['searxng_locale'], params), # hint: this func needs HTTP headers,
|
||||
'with_date': time_range_dict.get(params['time_range'], ''),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# set language if specified
|
||||
if params['language'] != 'all':
|
||||
lang_code = match_language(params['language'], supported_languages, fallback=None)
|
||||
if lang_code:
|
||||
language_name = supported_languages[lang_code]['alias']
|
||||
args['language'] = language_name
|
||||
args['lui'] = language_name
|
||||
if engine_language:
|
||||
args['language'] = engine_language
|
||||
args['lui'] = engine_language
|
||||
|
||||
args['abp'] = '1'
|
||||
if params['pageno'] > 1:
|
||||
args['page'] = params['pageno']
|
||||
|
||||
# build cookie
|
||||
lang_homepage = 'en'
|
||||
cookie = OrderedDict()
|
||||
cookie['date_time'] = 'world'
|
||||
cookie['disable_family_filter'] = safesearch_dict[params['safesearch']]
|
||||
cookie['disable_open_in_new_window'] = '0'
|
||||
cookie['enable_post_method'] = '1' # hint: POST
|
||||
cookie['enable_proxy_safety_suggest'] = '1'
|
||||
cookie['enable_stay_control'] = '1'
|
||||
cookie['instant_answers'] = '1'
|
||||
cookie['lang_homepage'] = 's/device/%s/' % lang_homepage
|
||||
cookie['num_of_results'] = '10'
|
||||
cookie['suggestions'] = '1'
|
||||
cookie['wt_unit'] = 'celsius'
|
||||
|
||||
if engine_language:
|
||||
cookie['language'] = engine_language
|
||||
cookie['language_ui'] = engine_language
|
||||
|
||||
if engine_region:
|
||||
cookie['search_results_region'] = engine_region
|
||||
|
||||
params['cookies']['preferences'] = 'N1N'.join(["%sEEE%s" % x for x in cookie.items()])
|
||||
logger.debug('cookie preferences: %s', params['cookies']['preferences'])
|
||||
|
||||
# POST request
|
||||
logger.debug("data: %s", args)
|
||||
params['data'] = args
|
||||
params['method'] = 'POST'
|
||||
params['url'] = search_url
|
||||
params['headers']['Origin'] = base_url
|
||||
params['headers']['Referer'] = base_url + '/'
|
||||
# is the Accept header needed?
|
||||
# params['headers']['Accept'] = 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8'
|
||||
|
||||
params['url'] = search_url + urlencode(args)
|
||||
return params
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# get response from search-request
|
||||
def response(resp):
|
||||
results = []
|
||||
dom = lxml.html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
|
||||
dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
if startpage_categ == 'web':
|
||||
return _response_cat_web(dom)
|
||||
|
||||
logger.error("Startpages's category '%' is not yet implemented.", startpage_categ)
|
||||
return []
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def _response_cat_web(dom):
|
||||
results = []
|
||||
|
||||
# parse results
|
||||
for result in eval_xpath(dom, results_xpath):
|
||||
|
|
@ -233,7 +364,7 @@ def response(resp):
|
|||
content = content[date_pos:]
|
||||
|
||||
try:
|
||||
published_date = parser.parse(date_string, dayfirst=True)
|
||||
published_date = dateutil.parser.parse(date_string, dayfirst=True)
|
||||
except ValueError:
|
||||
pass
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -259,78 +390,10 @@ def response(resp):
|
|||
return results
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# get supported languages from their site
|
||||
def _fetch_supported_languages(resp):
|
||||
# startpage's language selector is a mess each option has a displayed name
|
||||
# and a value, either of which may represent the language name in the native
|
||||
# script, the language name in English, an English transliteration of the
|
||||
# native name, the English name of the writing script used by the language,
|
||||
# or occasionally something else entirely.
|
||||
|
||||
# this cases are so special they need to be hardcoded, a couple of them are misspellings
|
||||
language_names = {
|
||||
'english_uk': 'en-GB',
|
||||
'fantizhengwen': ['zh-TW', 'zh-HK'],
|
||||
'hangul': 'ko',
|
||||
'malayam': 'ml',
|
||||
'norsk': 'nb',
|
||||
'sinhalese': 'si',
|
||||
'sudanese': 'su',
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# get the English name of every language known by babel
|
||||
language_names.update(
|
||||
{
|
||||
# fmt: off
|
||||
name.lower(): lang_code
|
||||
# pylint: disable=protected-access
|
||||
for lang_code, name in Locale('en')._data['languages'].items()
|
||||
# fmt: on
|
||||
}
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# get the native name of every language known by babel
|
||||
for lang_code in filter(lambda lang_code: lang_code.find('_') == -1, locale_identifiers()):
|
||||
native_name = Locale(lang_code).get_language_name().lower()
|
||||
# add native name exactly as it is
|
||||
language_names[native_name] = lang_code
|
||||
|
||||
# add "normalized" language name (i.e. français becomes francais and español becomes espanol)
|
||||
unaccented_name = ''.join(filter(lambda c: not combining(c), normalize('NFKD', native_name)))
|
||||
if len(unaccented_name) == len(unaccented_name.encode()):
|
||||
# add only if result is ascii (otherwise "normalization" didn't work)
|
||||
language_names[unaccented_name] = lang_code
|
||||
|
||||
dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
sp_lang_names = []
|
||||
for option in dom.xpath('//form[@name="settings"]//select[@name="language"]/option'):
|
||||
sp_lang_names.append((option.get('value'), extract_text(option).lower()))
|
||||
|
||||
supported_languages = {}
|
||||
for sp_option_value, sp_option_text in sp_lang_names:
|
||||
lang_code = language_names.get(sp_option_value) or language_names.get(sp_option_text)
|
||||
if isinstance(lang_code, str):
|
||||
supported_languages[lang_code] = {'alias': sp_option_value}
|
||||
elif isinstance(lang_code, list):
|
||||
for _lc in lang_code:
|
||||
supported_languages[_lc] = {'alias': sp_option_value}
|
||||
else:
|
||||
print('Unknown language option in Startpage: {} ({})'.format(sp_option_value, sp_option_text))
|
||||
|
||||
return supported_languages
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def fetch_traits(engine_traits: EngineTraits):
|
||||
"""Fetch :ref:`languages <startpage languages>` and :ref:`regions <startpage
|
||||
regions>` from Startpage."""
|
||||
# pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel, too-many-locals, too-many-branches
|
||||
# pylint: disable=too-many-statements
|
||||
|
||||
engine_traits.data_type = 'supported_languages' # deprecated
|
||||
|
||||
import babel
|
||||
from searx.utils import gen_useragent
|
||||
from searx.locales import region_tag
|
||||
# pylint: disable=too-many-branches
|
||||
|
||||
headers = {
|
||||
'User-Agent': gen_useragent(),
|
||||
|
|
@ -341,7 +404,7 @@ def fetch_traits(engine_traits: EngineTraits):
|
|||
if not resp.ok:
|
||||
print("ERROR: response from Startpage is not OK.")
|
||||
|
||||
dom = html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
dom = lxml.html.fromstring(resp.text)
|
||||
|
||||
# regions
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue