searxng/utils/fetch_external_bangs.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Update searx/data/external_bangs.json using the duckduckgo bangs.

https://duckduckgo.com/newbang loads
* a javascript which provides the bang version ( https://duckduckgo.com/bv1.js )
* a JSON file which contains the bangs ( https://duckduckgo.com/bang.v260.js for example )

This script loads the javascript, then the bangs.

The javascript URL may change in the future ( for example https://duckduckgo.com/bv2.js ),
but most probably it will requires to update RE_BANG_VERSION
"""
# pylint: disable=C0116

import sys
import json
import re
from os.path import realpath, dirname, join

import requests

# set path
sys.path.append(realpath(dirname(realpath(__file__)) + '/../'))

from searx import searx_dir  # pylint: disable=E0401 C0413


# from https://duckduckgo.com/newbang
URL_BV1 = 'https://duckduckgo.com/bv1.js'
RE_BANG_VERSION = re.compile(r'\/bang\.v([0-9]+)\.js')
HTTPS_COLON = 'https:'
HTTP_COLON = 'http:'


def get_bang_url():
    response = requests.get(URL_BV1)
    response.raise_for_status()

    r = RE_BANG_VERSION.findall(response.text)
    return f'https://duckduckgo.com/bang.v{r[0]}.js', r[0]


def fetch_ddg_bangs(url):
    response = requests.get(url)
    response.raise_for_status()
    return json.loads(response.content.decode())


def merge_when_no_leaf(node):
    """Minimize the number of nodes

    A -> B -> C
    B is child of A
    C is child of B

    If there are no C equals to '*', then each C are merged into A

    For example:
      d -> d -> g -> * (ddg*)
        -> i -> g -> * (dig*)
    becomes
      d -> dg -> *
        -> ig -> *
    """
    restart = False
    if not isinstance(node, dict):
        return

    # create a copy of the keys so node can be modified
    keys = list(node.keys())

    for key in keys:
        if key == '*':
            continue

        value = node[key]
        value_keys = list(value.keys())
        if '*' not in value_keys:
            for value_key in value_keys:
                node[key + value_key] = value[value_key]
                merge_when_no_leaf(node[key + value_key])
            del node[key]
            restart = True
        else:
            merge_when_no_leaf(value)

    if restart:
        merge_when_no_leaf(node)


def optimize_leaf(parent, parent_key, node):
    if not isinstance(node, dict):
        return

    if len(node) == 1 and '*' in node and parent is not None:
        parent[parent_key] = node['*']
    else:
        for key, value in node.items():
            optimize_leaf(node, key, value)


def parse_ddg_bangs(ddg_bangs):
    bang_trie = {}
    bang_urls = {}

    for bang_definition in ddg_bangs:
        # bang_list
        bang_url = bang_definition['u']
        if '{{{s}}}' not in bang_url:
            # ignore invalid bang
            continue

        bang_url = bang_url.replace('{{{s}}}', chr(2))

        # only for the https protocol: "https://example.com" becomes "//example.com"
        if bang_url.startswith(HTTPS_COLON + '//'):
            bang_url = bang_url[len(HTTPS_COLON):]

        #
        if bang_url.startswith(HTTP_COLON + '//') and bang_url[len(HTTP_COLON):] in bang_urls:
            # if the bang_url uses the http:// protocol, and the same URL exists in https://
            # then reuse the https:// bang definition. (written //example.com)
            bang_def_output = bang_urls[bang_url[len(HTTP_COLON):]]
        else:
            # normal use case : new http:// URL or https:// URL (without "https:", see above)
            bang_rank = str(bang_definition['r'])
            bang_def_output = bang_url + chr(1) + bang_rank
            bang_def_output = bang_urls.setdefault(bang_url, bang_def_output)

        bang_urls[bang_url] = bang_def_output

        # bang name
        bang = bang_definition['t']

        # bang_trie
        t = bang_trie
        for bang_letter in bang:
            t = t.setdefault(bang_letter, {})
        t = t.setdefault('*', bang_def_output)

    # optimize the trie
    merge_when_no_leaf(bang_trie)
    optimize_leaf(None, None, bang_trie)

    return bang_trie


def get_bangs_filename():
    return join(join(searx_dir, "data"), "external_bangs.json")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    bangs_url, bangs_version = get_bang_url()
    print(f'fetch bangs from {bangs_url}')
    output = {
        'version': bangs_version,
        'trie': parse_ddg_bangs(fetch_ddg_bangs(bangs_url))
    }
    with open(get_bangs_filename(), 'w') as fp:
        json.dump(output, fp, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)